Сomparing “A Women to Her Lover”, “How Do I Love Thee?”, “When We Two Parted”, “Remember” and “Villegiature”

I will compare A Women to Her Lover by Christina Walsh, How Do I Love Thee? By Elizabeth Barrett Browning, When We Two Parted by Lord Byron, Remember by Christina Rossetti and Villegiature by Edith Nesbit. The poems I have chosen, four are written by women and one by a man and I think that this is a representative romance as women are more romantic. The only man I have chosen is Lord Byron. There is a common theme in these poems which is the theme of love. In two of the other poems I have chosen Villigiature and A Woman To Her Lover the theme of love is related to powerful and equal love. I think that Remember and How Do I Love Thee? are representatives of the Romantic movement because they stimulate many aspects of the theme of love and the poets do this by showing their love through the poems and I think that A Women to Her Lover, When We Two Parted and Villegiature are not representative of what we believe to be typical of the Romantic movement as they write with very bitter words in their poems which could hardly be romantic in the most common sense. The first two I will compare is A Woman to her lover and â€Å"How Do I Love Thee? and â€Å"A Woman to Her Lover†. This is about a woman who is fighting with her lover telling him that she is not a slave and she will not sit in the house all day looking after his children. She gives ultimatums to the man. She does not want him to expect her to be â€Å"a wingless angel who can do no wrong†, i. e. the ‘perfect wife' who's place is in the home. At the end of the poem she says â€Å"But lover, if you ask of me/That I shall be your comrade, friend, and mate†. This shows that the woman is ready to love him and be loved but on a very equal footing. A very modern perception and not one attached to typical romantic writings â€Å"How do I Love Thee? † is about the feelings that a woman has about her lover; assuming that this poem was written for Robert Browning, her husband, the poet is almost treating him like a God. â€Å"For ends of Being and ideal Grace†. She talks mostly about God. Christina Walsh in â€Å"A Woman To Her Lover† also talks about God at the end of her poem â€Å"Until we reach the very heart of God† however she wants her lover to be passionate about love and through that passion they would reach ultimate heights together. She is asking for equality but Elizabeth Barratt Browning just talks about how she worships her husband. â€Å"A Woman To Her Lover† is a non-reflective poem, portraying a female perspective of love. The moment we read the title of the poem, we think of the word ‘lover' as portraying equality with relationship; the woman is talking to her lover whereas in most romantic themes, women are either talked about or to. â€Å"How Do I Love Thee? † is also portraying a female perspective of love however this time it is towards her husband. This poem has deep love from the wife without rational reasoning. It is the opposite of â€Å"A Woman To Her Lover†. â€Å"How do I Love Thee? † shows the male as the dominant and she worships her husband, Robert Browning unlike Christina Walsh's message who put across is that women should be equal to men, which could be seen as shocking for its historical context. Other implications of this are the relation of ‘lover' to cohabitation, which is becoming increasingly common in this day and age. This highlights the key theme of the poem, whereby she is getting her message across of demanding equality in a relationship; ‘No servant will I be If that be what you ask, O lover I refuse you! in the first stanza, emotions are strongly evident but very different from the romantic period. She introduces ‘conditional love' and as a result, she is demanding equal rights. Alongside this, ‘physical love' is also suggested. The word ‘lover' tends to bring out the physical aspect of the theme; there is a sense of passion, however there is no reference to marriage where a man had rights over his â€Å"woman's† body. She quotes: ‘my body supple only for your sense delight,/Oh shame, and pity and abasement'. This brings out her bold and daring nature. She uses words like â€Å"comrade†, â€Å"friend† and â€Å"passion†, which put across a completely different tone, showing her more demanding side to the relationship. ‘Woman of our time' Following that, ‘hand holding hand' also is written without gendering to imply belief of equality in a relationship. There is also less evidence of a male dominance in the relationship but in â€Å"How Do I Love Thee? † I think that the male is more dominant because Elizabeth Barratt Browning â€Å"falls to her feet† in the poem. The poem â€Å"A Woman To Her Lover† is written in free verse but â€Å"How Do I Love Thee? † is in a sonnet form. The structure of â€Å"A Woman To Her Lover† reflects the narrator's tone, as she is determinedly commanding freedom and equality, without being restricted by the social constrictions of her time, whereby the norm was that of a male dominated relationship. The sophisticated writing shows traditional contrast to the seemingly modern topic. Her long syntax causes an empowering tone whereby we can tell she is fixed in what she wants. Her strong character is amplified by her use of powerful language, for instance, words like â€Å"bend†, â€Å"bondslave† and â€Å"drudgery†, show her fearless character and also how strongly she wants equality. She alliterates these words in ‘bondslave to bear'. The structure of her syntaxes also conveys a sense of resolution, for example she confidently uses caesuras: ‘Go! – I am no doll'. This also portrays a conditional balance since it is a direct answer to the solution she aims for. Walsh also uses a lot of figurative imagery; and these different types of imagery help amplify the effects the power that love can have on people. Such as use of personification in the last stanza: ‘our co-equal love will make the stars laugh with joy'. Also the words â€Å"stars† and â€Å"spheres† suggest how love with equality exceeding other characteristics of love. Only in the last stanza we see her address her lover as ‘husband', whereby we immediately sense the change of tone, with greater respect towards the one she is addressing. The last line of this stanza consists of the terminology fields of religion, which she portrays by use of divine imagery, as she ends the poem with an overjoyed height of happiness: ‘until we reach the very heart of God'. There was a frequent reference to religion in the romantic period context. This shows the nature of the narrator is very believing. She believes in: herself, God, and the way she is treated by her lover can change, despite her social environment. However, on the other hand, Browning is worshipping her husband and she is willing to do anything for her. Browning lived in a society that was dominated by men, this effected her writing a lot. In the poem â€Å"How Do I Love Thee? † she compares her love to one thing or another â€Å"I love thee with the passion put to use†, she is comparing her love to intensity equal to that experienced during the day. She also refers to the death of her mother and her brothers, â€Å"In my old griefs† her â€Å"old greifs are her mother dying then her brothers.. Villegiature by Edith Nesbit gives the impression that she's lost interest in her husband, telling us that he â€Å"bores me† and she dreams of a romantic love, and one that she indulged herself in with a fling whilst she was away from home. The poem starts with a light-hearted and peaceful mood but the poem â€Å"Remember† has a sad and melancholy tone to it. The speaker in â€Å"Villegiature† wants a stereotype, but she wants one that is found more in literature and poetry than in real life whilst the speaker in â€Å"Remember† wants the love of her life to remember her when she dies. Nesbit uses romantic clichis to say that she wants a man who will treat her more lovingly; she alludes to Shakespeare's Romeo and Juliet because Romeo has the quality she is looking for. The man in her life is far from what she wants; she illustrates him sitting at a desk â€Å"deep in dull books,† using alliteration to show how repetitive and drab the man is. This poem deals with stereotype of realistic men. In the poem â€Å"Remember†, from the starting stanza which quotes ‘Remember me when I am gone away', implies a loving, yet sad, request. One of the aspects of the theme of love evident in this noble sonnet is ‘imperfect love'. This idea is based on the frequently used theme of religion in her work, since Rossetti was devoted to her Christian faith and love of God. At the end of the poem she says â€Å"Better by far that you should forget and smile/Then that you should remember and be sad†. Here she is telling her lover that she rather him forget her and be happy and live his life then to be sad. There is a notion that death is about to tear them apart however this is not immediately clear, since it is vague as to whether she is choosing to leave the person she is addressing, or dying. Death is never named, but is alluded to in the opening lines through the distant, ‘silent land', although we are left uninformed of how much time she has left. This highlights the theme of a parting in love: absence. Villegiature† can also be compared to â€Å"When We Two Parted† by Lord Byron because they are both in a way, harsh towards their lover. Byron uses imagery to describe the â€Å"morning dew† and how it reminds him of the â€Å"shame† he is in. His tone is shameful and his conscience is already getting to him. He portrays her as cold â€Å"pale grew they cheeks and cold,/ colder thy kiss†. He begins with this description of her at their separation; his description of her begins with the physical mention of her cheeks. This beginning admits the foreshadowing of continued sorrow throughout the poem when the speaker says â€Å"truly that hour foretold/ sorrow in this. † This gives a negative connotation to the word â€Å"you† from the very beginning. How they all 3 compare! Loss. These poems all have the theme of loss. In the poem â€Å"When We Two Parted†, Byron loses his lover and he is hurt by that â€Å"Long, long shall I rue thee,/ Too deeply to tell†. In Villegiature Nesbit has lost interest in her husband and has a fling with another person â€Å"Your solid self, long leagues away,/ Deep in dull books, had hardly missed me†. In â€Å"Remember†, Rossetti refers to death and dying and she is telling her lover to move on after she dies â€Å"Remember me when I am gone away,/ Gone far into the silent land†. All of these poems have a continual theme of love however, love is not the same; there is a demand for equal love â€Å"To live and work, to love and die with you†, a worshiping and devoted love â€Å"I love thee with the passion put to use†, a time to move on â€Å"Remember me when I am gone away†, a reminiscing of better time â€Å"I watched the still and dewy lawn†, and a loss of love â€Å"A shudder comes o'er me/ Why wert thou so dear? . The poems â€Å"Remember, When We Two Parted†, and â€Å"Villegiature† are all poems about loss and reminiscence but the poems â€Å"A Woman To Her Lover† and â€Å"How Do I Love Thee? † are about love with a positive outlook. â€Å"A Woman To Her Lover† has the theme of a powerful and equa l love but in â€Å"How Do I Love Thee? † there is strong passion and deep love for the lover and he is almost venerated as a God. â€Å"Remember† deals with the theme of pain, life and joy for the past but â€Å"Villegiature† has a different theme of reminiscence of a distant time when the poet was having a better time.

Final Assignment

Additionally, it will show which changes will be made that will have a positive exult to our program not only now, but in the future as well. Readiness of our Leaders There are several leaders in this change the principal, H. O. S. T. Administration Migrant Education, Reading Teacher, several paraprofessionals, and our SST including myself. Together we identify the core elements and negotiate items in our change plan. The main change is to increase the time allotted students to do reading at our program.Program/practices for scale and sustainability Our program has and is having success in empowering students to grow al develop in a safe and caring environment. The area that can be improved the enriching environment, why? First, the program needs to have access computers in the area where HOST is located. Second because the student get computers time only three days out of the week and for 20 minutes a c while at HOST. Third, the students are given 30 minutes, but by the time t' go t o and from the computer lab, which takes them 10 minutes, they only 20 minutes at most.My personal feelings are that our children can benefit from having their own computer lab at HOST or tablets that they can access anytime they are in the aftershock program. Most of the students at our aerogram are of Hispanic decent some of them struggle in reading, comprehension and writing. I can only imagine what can be done to help them in those areas if we had our own computers or tablets. Our student have a 30 minute block in which reading is being implemented already, if v had reading and writing software on tablets Or Computers Our students cal reap the benefits. What is it?Why is it important? In order for our program to continue to empower students to grow and develop in a safe, caring, an educationally enriched environment feel that the students need more reading time. My thoughts are that if the students had tablets in our aftershock program to work with in reading that they would mak e rapid advancement in reading. The stakeholders that will approach are the principal at the school, since she is a person that commends a lot of power In other words when she speaks people listen, plus she knows other people as well that have that type of authority.Identifying the main change will assist us to determine whether or not all elements within this change are crucial. At this point our plan can be tweaked to fit the needs of our studs The need and wiliness of all stakeholders to relocate resources for the Ben f our change plan is amazing. In corporations or companies change is evitable and a must in order to stay in the game. The key to change is to b willing to listen to others opinions. How is it high quality and valued by stakeholders? This change is high quality because of the students that this change target!Most of the students are Engle sis Language Learners and struggle with comprehension. Some of them are behind in their level of reading and writing skills. What results are anticipated? This change will be enriching the students in that they will increase their level of reading, comprehension ND writing skills. The stakeholders will benefit because they will actually s the students progress. Non-negotiable elements of the program/practice There will be items in the change plan that is nonnegotiable in order to keep the integrity of the change.During our planning stages as a group we decided that reading and comprehension were nonnegotiable. These two items are non-negotiable since they are our focal point of interest. Without these two we would not have a need for the change plan. Scale and sustainability scores In order to define the scale and sustainability score of the change plan we ad to review the Scale and Sustainability scores located within the book â€Å"Leading Change Step-By-Step† by Jody Spiro. These results will let us know to what extent certain features have been merged into our program (Spiro, 201 1).Our results sho w that we have an all-inclusive plan, but not all stakeholders have bought into it yet. What this says about us is that we are good at working together and coming up with a plan. However, this does not mean that everyone agrees with it. There is still some resistance to the actual plan change. This of course is expected, since change is never easy, nonetheless a good way to get individuals on board is by communicating and educating them. Education & Communication: One of the best ways to overcome resistance to change is to educate people about the change effort beforehand.Being upfront with education and communication lets everyone have knowledge about the changes. â€Å"People tend to see things that are happening now as more urgent than those that will happen in the future. † (Weber, 2006). Sometimes individuals are afraid of something they do not understand, however once they learn how this change is to come or will be made they are not as afraid. It is only then that they will start asking questions once they are informed. This however is not a guarantee that they will accept the change right away, but now they are more ready to listen to what one has to say.The development of scale and sustainability strategies for the change strategy Creating an environment where there is open communication and providing them an outlet to speak about their concerns will minimize a lot of the resistance. Providing the team with a consistent and clear message will minimize resistance. If change my views or do not sound confident in my change plans, the message will be inconsistent. On the other hand, if I am consistent and clear; offering a clear vision and specific goals to achieve, the team will be focused and know what is expected of them.I will also make sure the â€Å"messages are communicated through the participants' ears† (Spiro, 201 1). Communication is a key element, for this element we scored a five. However, this needs to be on a continual basis i n order for the group to be informed throughout the school year. Communication is not something that happens last minute; it is something that is practice throughout with co- workers. In conclusion ‘Veneered you introduce change, you are sure to encounter barriers† (Drexel & Muskier, 2012). The best change leaders; will have a plan B for when things go wrong.Knowing your group, making sure you communicate with them and realizing you cannot make change happen alone will help your change effort become successful. Communication must be clear and consistent while your plan needs to have important feasible goals. Another area to be aware of is that the plan change is not written on stone and that there might be changes that will take place throughout the planning stages. What one might come up with at the end as a leader for hanger might be totally different than what one started with.

Political Control In Han China And Imperial Rome Essay

Han China and Imperial Rome were amazing empires in their own way. Both of these civilizations had ways of maintaining the political control over their people. Han China and Imperial Rome’s method in political control has many differences and similarities, but I believe there are more similarities than differences. Han China’s political control was large. This empire developed a political philosophy called legalism. Legalism advocated clear rules and harsh punishments as means of enforcing the authority of the state. With this new philosophy, Shihuangdi decided to launch a military campaign to reunify China. This empire also believed military force was very important. Han China’s leading figure was an emperor. In their government, religion often took the major role in their society. Han China also had more equality in political control than Imperial Rome. Imperial Rome’s political control was mainly based on social status. For instance wealthy men dominated over women, and poor men. They had a written code of law that offered plebeians (poorer class) protection from abuse. This gave the plebeians an opportunity to shape public policy. Romans took great pride in this, and believed they enjoyed greater freedom than most of their neighbors. They had a rule of law, the rights of citizens, the absences of pretension, upright moral behavior, and keeping ones word. This was later recognized as â€Å"the way of the ancestors.† Once these empires political control were established, they shared many similarities. Both of them worked to unite the empires and create peace among them. They also both believed the gods helped them rule and succeed as an empire. Both of these civilizations also had a custom religion, Christianity in Imperial Rome, and Buddhism in China. Roman and Chinese authorities both had supernatural sanctions to support their rule. Romans began to regard their deceased emperors as gods and made a religious cult. Roman authorities persecuted the refusing Christians that didn’t take part.

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Avalade XXI case study - Essay Example When developing a project management plan, it is useful to reflect on some of the risks associated with the implementation, the expected benefits, and the technological solutions offered (Wang, 2012). More specifically, a critical look at the personnel needed in terms of their skills and capacity to fulfill the objectives of the project, how will good performance by the employees be gauged, and what measures have been established to handle any problems that may arise with employee performance. Meag was an IT supplier who had limited experience in implementing large systems. According to Xu and Quaddus (2013) one of the factors that determines the successful implementation of large systems is the presence of skilled employees at different points of the implementation plan. That is, a team of skilled employees who will manage the implementation process, to the employees who will be executing the activities of the implementation plan. Meag and Casa XX1 ought to have a management team in place that would specifically monitor the implementation of the plan, they would interact with the managers of the stadium, customers, and amongst each other. This would enable CASA XX1 to detect any problems that may arise from the system at the earliest point and take remedial action. The project management implementation team must be highly skilled and have the knowledge of the whole system and its functionality. Meag and Casa XX1 should have hired a team of competent project managers who would have stemmed the problem in time. The team would specifically lias with system developers to inform them of the emerging problem and coordinated with the developers in developing a rapid response. Besides hiring a team of highly skilled and capable project managers, Meag and Casa XX1 ought to have developed a clear organizational structure that would have established a clear framework that outlines the duties of each employee and the accompanying responsibilities and the communication

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The Perfect Storm Adaptation - Essay Example It was released in 2000, October by the Warner Group Motion pictures. Though the movie follows the book in narration, it shows significant differences. Moreover, some differences can be perceived as improvements that make the viewers understand the author’s point in particular. And last, but not least, the movie makes the story in order. Supporting Paragraphs Sebastian Junger’s book the perfect storm was an exceptionally enjoyable and captivating story but the problem was that it was written poorly. It tells an entire story of a boat, called Andrea Gail in its first hundred and fifty or so pages. It then goes back to tell a story of what is happening somewhere else during a storm attack. Wolfgang Petersen and William Wittliff correct this situation, and they tell the whole story fully, citing what is happening on land, sea and rescue missions and on the boat Andrea Gail. The reader at least has to have some background in weather forecasting so as to understand the storm and its operation and the reason for its danger. The main reason why the book was adapted to film was that it took advantage of unique effects to offer the viewers of how incredible the storm was. The book does not have a definite ending, and so the movie is much easier to comprehend other than the book was. One tends to like the film more than the book. Similarities between the book and film are that there happens to be a boat called Andrea Gail and how it suffers through a storm. (Welkos 124-130). In the year 1991, month of October, the fishing boat, also referred to as Andrea Gail, docks in the port of Gloucester which is in Massachusetts with an exceptionally poor yield. They seem to be extremely desperate, and under the direction of their Captain Tyne, they all decide to go on a fishing expedition into the deep seas. This time, they go beyond their normal fishing territory and leave a thunder storm behind their trail. At first, their efforts bore no fruits, but this does not d iminish their hopes. They head further to a place called Flemish Cap where they have a breakthrough through which they have some success in catching fish. (Perfect Storm 120-135). The book does not go along the way to describe these scenarios and only covers a small part of what is in the movie. It only covers the part of the act where the vessel undergoes and eventually turns to explain about the storm. This makes the film to be more preferred by the viewers since it is captivating and makes one glued just by watching it from the start till the end. What is similar about the film and the book is that the boat crew does everything to make sure they get a fair catch. This is so as to make enough money to feed their families since they are generally the sole bread winners of their families. (Welkos 124-130). As the crew, continues with their fishing trip they begin to face problems and their ice making machine breaks down. They have to rush back to the harbor if they would sell their catch before turning stale. A debate ensues about selling through the storm or whether to wait for it to come down and the team comes to an assumption that they would try and risk the raging storm. What is not known to them is that the place they want to sail through is inhabited by a hurricane which is a product of the merging of two weather fronts by which the boat crew underestimates by all means. What we see is that the book does not care to explain on the action carried out by boat, and it only gives a sneak peek in its first a hundred and fifty pages of

Characterization of Granny Weatherall from The Jilting of Granny Essay

Characterization of Granny Weatherall from The Jilting of Granny Weatherall - Essay Example she was jilted away from her desired path because of collapsing relationships, and this may be the reason why she got projected as hypercritical and callous. Granny suffers from an unvarying series of hurt which make her intensely bitter. This is the largest obstacle in Granny’s life. She longs to overcome the challenges in her life and imagines herself as a perfectionist fulfilling all her duties to please herself and her family. This makes the plot even more ironic. The reference to light and dark directs the readers to the religious symbolism used in the story which allows them to decipher Granny’s flashbacks from her present life. Religion played a strong role in Granny’s life. She staunchly believes that death is inevitable and that she should be prepared for it. She imagines herself floating as she dies and goes to heaven. She believes that if she is not directed to heaven she will feel herself descending back on earth. Whether she utters a prayer in her mind or not she is heard praying and thanking â€Å"God for all my life I thank Thee. Without Thee, my God, I could never have done it† (Porter 1965). Granny Weatherall, however, seems to be upset with God in the last hours of her life for reminding her of the dreadful past she always wanted to forget. â€Å"There was the day  .  .  . but a whirl of dark smoke rose and covered it, crept up and over into the bright field where everything was planted so carefully in orderly rows. That was hell.  .  .  . For sixty years she had prayed against remembering him and against losing her soul in the deep pit of hell.  .  .  .†Ã‚  (Porter 1965) During dark hours Granny felt her thoughts falling prey to confusion. The â€Å"jilting† becomes Granny’s own life as each time she attempts to overcome hardships another one is on her way like a bolt. The very first shock of her life was the time when she was standing in the church as a bride and her fiancà © didn’t turn up for her. This moment makes her weak but she has

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Media Event - Assignment Example Her main objective is to find them suitable jobs or protective environment after graduation. This is to prevent them from landing in the streets. The director of this movie, Samantha Buck, demonstrates sensitivity in a dramatic way to those students with special needs as the camera keys rove in on Mimo’s reactions. Ms. Mimo is the star and a protagonist with a bright face that does not hide anything as she focuses on the audience’s emotions. The camera lingers on the students who have grown with frustrating experiences longer than comfort. The â€Å"Best Kept Secret† film is exemplary in the sense that, it never seeks to hide any truth from the framework of the narrative. This section will explore two Special Education Laws websites, and two special education court previous cases. The first website is wrightslaw.com (http://www.wrightslaw.com/caselaw.htm). This website explores various cases from the U.S Supreme Court, Courts of Appeals, District Courts, and Noteworthy Cases. The first case mentioned in this website is the case of U.S Department of Justice Verses Day Care Centre in Oklahoma. The case was filed with the U.S Department of Justice. The statement of the case alleged that, the Camelot denied the person the right to participate in field trips, hence violating the Americans with Disabilities Act. The case was settled on the November 27th, 2013, the child in question, with Down Syndrome and toileting issues. The court ruled that, Camelot shall not discriminate any child on the grounds of disability. This includes full participation and enjoyment of goods, services, privileges, advantages and accommodation. The second website is the special education advisor.com (http://www.specialeducationadvisor.com/special-education-laws/brief-history-of-special-education-court-cases/). The case was heard by the Supreme Court. The case was between the Board of Education of Hendrick Hudson Central School

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Aristotelian Universals and Platonic Universals - Essay Example Conflict of Universals: Conflict of universals or problem of universals is quite a long debated issue among the philosophers. The basic point of argument remains the same whether the universals exist or not. There has always been an attempt to ' "account for the phenomenon of similarity or attribute agreement among things." Whether a table made of rock or a stone both are similar or both have attributive agreement, having the common characteristic of hardness. This problem has given birth to two different disciplines in philosophy, namely, Realism and Nominalism. The realists are of opinion that universals exist on account of attributive agreement and Nominnalists opine that universals are non existent because they cannot explain attributive agreement among particulars. Platonic Universals: The idea of Platonic universals sometimes appears to be obscure or fruitless but his theory is one of the major foundations for epistemology and metaphysics. According to Plato, a universal is independent, non temporal and non spatial. A universal is something that cannot be perceived by senses and its knowledge comes through thought. The objects of thought that independently exist, establish the foundation for Platonic universals. ... But this very attribute of greenness is not something tangible and it cannot be experienced through senses. But at the same time Plato also specified that the green color of grass is not the only virtue that distinguishes it from other green colored in the world. Grass is never a leaf of a tree. In addition to its greenness, the grass is grass due to its unique attributes. Thus, by adopting the theory of Platonic universals, an individual can make clear distinction between all particulars in the world. Aristotelian Universals: Plato's disciple Aristotle came up with a very different idea about universals and the theory of Aristotelian universals produces a landmark solution to the problem of universals and conflict between realists and nominalists. According to Aristotle, universals can simply be classified into three categories, Relations, Types and Properties. The great philosopher further stated that universals exist in those places only where they are exemplified or instantiated and they only exist in things, never apart from things. Aristotle clearly stated that a universal is "'identical in each of its instances." So, in simple terms, Aristotle's theory says all green things in this universe are similar as there is a same universal or attribute, i.e greenness. This unique approach of Aristotelian theory removes several puzzles from the theories of universals in the metaphysical context. First, according to Aristotle, universals can be exemplified several times. He repeatedly emphasizes over the conception of "'one and the same universal" that, according to him, can be witnessed in every particulars. Now at this point common perception experiences a problem. It is hard to believe for an

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Individual Project - Essay Example (1) The Victim Impact Statement provides the details of the harm or loss caused to the victim as a result of the offence, and the court takes this statement into consideration at the time of sentencing the offender. The purpose of the statement is to provide the victims of crime an opportunity to be heard in the criminal justice system, by participating in the sentencing of the offender in providing to the court and the offender, the impact of the crime on them. (2) The main problem with the Pre-sentence Investigation Report is that it is prepared by the probation department, and so tends to be done in a routine manner, and biased against the defendant. (3). The main criticism of the Victim Impact Statement is that it has little to do in enhancing the traditional goals of sentencing namely deterrence, incapacitation, rehabilitation, and retribution. Another criticism is that by shifting the focus of sentencing from the offender to the victim, it tends to make the process arbitrary. Yet another problem with the statement is the creation of classes of victims, with the eloquence and the social standing of the victim having more to do with the stiffness of the sentence, than the nature of the offense. (4). The judiciary or the executive administers probation. The administering of probation has two functions namely supervision, to ensure safety of the community in which the individual on probation is located, and the victim of the crime, and rehabilitation of the individual on probation. The advantage with judiciary-administered probation is that the function of rehabilitation of the individual on probation would be done more effectively, but the supervision is likely to be less effective, because of the amount of workload. The resources of the executive make supervision more effectively undertaken, but the rehabilitation is likely to be affected due to lesser concern for it. (5) The administering of probation at the

Boeing Airplane Manufacturing Company Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Boeing Airplane Manufacturing Company - Essay Example The paper tells that all relevant and reliable information are needed to make a decision about whether to pursue developing and manufacturing a very large commercial transport (VLCT). First, Boeing needs the prior revenue information as a basis for determining whether to pursue developing and manufacturing a very large commercial transport or VLCT unit. The business will not survive without revenues. Thus, the issue on whether to produce the super jumbo (A3XX) or the larger 747 version is grounded whether revenues are generated. Boeing needs to determine the cost and expense information to serve as a basis for determining whether to pursue developing and manufacturing a very large commercial transport or VLCT unit. Boeing Airplane Manufacturing Company must determine the total cost of buying each airplane part from its many suppliers. Likewise, the company must know the cost of labor to produce each airplane unit. Lastly, the Boeing Airplane Manufacturing Company must know the total manufacturing cost of producing each very large commercial transport or VLCT unit. The cost portion will contribute to better Boeing Airplane Manufacturing Company decision making in terms of pursuing the super jumbo or larger 747 version production. Boeing needs to scrutinize the amount of profits generated as a basis for formulating more effective finance decisions. The company will proceed with the manufacture of the Boeing plane only if the net profit crops up. In the net profit computation results to a net loss figure, the company must drop the plan to develop and manufacture a very large commercial transport (VLCT) unit. ... The $20569 subtotal revenue indicates that the company may generate enough very large commercial transport or VLCT unit revenues to generate the required bottom line net profits. In terms of relevance of information, the profit information has high relevance value in relation to the decision to develop and manufacture a very large commercial transport or VLCT. Boeing Airplane Manufacturing Company will not pursue the production of very large commercial transport or VLCT units if net profits are not realized within one or more accounting periods. A net profit figure discourages management from pursuing or continuing the production of very large commercial transport or VLCT units. The company must exert efforts to ensure net profit crops up during each accounting period. (3) In terms of reliability, the revenue and profit information has high reliability. The case study shows that the company generated $20,569 in 1993E. Likewise, the revenue information shows that the company consisten tly generated profits from 1989 to 1993E. The information persuades management to predict the very large commercial transport or VLCT unit will generate revenues (Weetman, 2006). In terms of reliability, the cost and expense information has high reliability, including 5.5 % risk free interest bonds. The case study shows that Boeing Airplane Manufacturing Company buys the airplane parts (wings, tires, etc.) from several suppliers. The cost information, including the $5 billion to $20 billion amount, shows whether the company’s revenues are high enough to generate gross profit figures. The gross profit result shows whether there are enough funds to pay for the Boeing Airplane Manufacturing Company marketing and

Heart of Darkness vs Things Fall Apart Essay Example for Free

Heart of Darkness vs Things Fall Apart Essay â€Å"Heart of Darkness† and â€Å"Things Fall Apart† show a variety of ways of depicting Africa in literature. In â€Å"Heart of Darkness†, Joseph Conrad shows the continent of Africa through the stereotypical perspective of the European sailors, who had a tendency to depict the natives of the land as savages, and in response to that matter, Chinua Achebe wrote â€Å"Things Fall Apart† through the non-stereotypical depicting perspective of the natives of the land to show Africans, not as savages or primitives, but as members of a traditional society. European prejudice is presented in a verifiable way in â€Å"Heart of Darkness†. The main character of â€Å"Heart of Darkness† or protagonist, Marlow, is a sailor who travels through Africa and describes the natives that he comes in contact with as savages. Marlow compares these different individuals to animals of some specific nature or just to the wilderness of the jungle, respectively. There was a point in this novel where Marlow’s vision came in contact with a pit in the ground. He noticed that it was a pit made for the natives to go and rest in peace or in other words die. Marlow describes those natives that were there stating, â€Å"Black shapes crouched, lay, sat between the trees, leaning against the trunks, clinging to the earth in all attitudes of pain, abandonment, and despair they were nothing earthly now, nothing but black shadows of disease and starvation One of these creatures rose to his hands and knees and went off on all fours towards the river to drink† (Conrad 17). This descriptive portrayal shows the natives as â€Å"shadows† and nothing more than mere â€Å"black shapes† and not as individuals or men who are simply just dying. These men are no longer men, they have been stripped of all their characteristics which makes them human to dehumanizing characteristics where none can tell the difference of one dying man to another. None of the dying men are described by oneself, which makes it difficult for the reader to see where one man ends to where the individual begins. This creates an effect where these individuals look like eometric shapes and symbols of some sort. These depictions in which Marlow stated originates from a very stereotypical saying. The saying is that all Africans are made the same and one can not tell the difference between them even if much effort is applied. Similarly, there was an African man who was crawling to the river in order to quench his thirst. The way he was crawling in general is very dehumanizing. To make the matter worse and more dramatic, he crawled on his hands and knees which is animal-like and very degrading. The man is described to be on all fours just to get a drink, but when looking towards the European side, there is no way in Heaven that they’d be described like that. None. On the other hand, the European people would drink from a tap or maybe boil water from a well of some sort in order to have a refreshing drink. The natives are compared to animals of the wild when Marlow begins describing one of the workers on the ship. Marlow states, â€Å"to look at him was as edifying as seeing a dog in a parody of breeches and a feather hat walking on his hind legs† (Conrad 36). This worker simply shows that the savages who are the Africans have a possibility of being tamed because, â€Å"He ought to have been clapping his hands and stamping his feet on the bank† (Conrad 37). One can see that this man has been stripped of being a human being. He is now an animal, a dog, maybe, who is being trained to do some type of trick. From Marlow’s point of view he is still an animal and none the less, this man is pretending to be a civilized being. Marlow doesn’t stop there though. He continues to downgrade this European man by describing him to be just like the natives on the land. All in all, this is stereotypical. Furthermore, Marlow keeps his ball rolling by depicting the African natives as â€Å"prehistoric† and â€Å"simple†. He states, â€Å"The prehistoric man was cursing us, praying to us, welcoming us who could tell? we glided past like phantoms, wondering and secretly appalled, as sane men would be before an enthusiastic outbreak in a mad house† (Conrad 35). In the mind of Marlow, the natives are so primitive that they are in an aspect denied of having a language. Marlow sits there and begins to wonder â€Å"who could tell? instead of making an effort to understand what the natives were saying out of their mouth. What can actually be inferred from this quote is that, the natives were probably jumping up and down like a bunch of kindergarten students at recess or something similar to that. One can’t really be sure, but in all Marlow didn’t even try to grasp what the native Africans were saying probably because he felt that they were savages, or maybe their intellectual mindset wasn’t as great and average to the Europeans, or the native Africans didn’t have anything reasonable to say. Joseph Conrad with respect and similarity to Marlow, may have chosen to not include a specific language probably because he was influenced by the European stereotypes of Africans. What can be inferred from this is that, the removal of a language suggests that the native Africans have nothing that is sophisticated enough to say that would be reasonable or important to add to the plot of the novel. In â€Å"Heart of Darkness†, the native Africans are very underdeveloped, just like a third world country would be, in order to have a control of language. Though, there are moments in which there is language which supports the native savage (Africans) at which this is the time a reader might even hear an African speak. Joseph Conrad uses a specific technique when he writes. He uses a limited exposure to the native Africans’ voices which tries to ignore anything that might bring stereotype about. In response to Joseph Conrad and the Europeans and their use of stereotypical depiction of Africans, Chinua Achebe, the author of â€Å"Things Fall apart† portrayed Africans in a humanizing and traditional society. The Igbo tribe goes against the European stereotype in â€Å"Things Fall Apart†. The main character or protagonist Okonkwo does not agree nor does he disagree with the European belief that is shown in the novel. He is described in the novel to be, â€Å"a man of action, a man of war† (Achebe 8). Okonkwo is a very honorable man in the Umofia village, even though he has a very displeasing streak which is of violent nature. With Okonkwo’s strength and inability to be feminine, he is afraid of anything that is of feminine nature. â€Å"His whole life was dominated by fear, the fear of failure and of weakness. It was the fear of himself, lest he should be found to resemble his father. Even as a little boy, he resented his fathers failure and weakness. And so Okonkwo was ruled by one passion to hate everything that his father Unoka had loved. One of those things was gentleness and another was idleness† (Achebe 10). What can be inferred from this quote is that, this is probably why Okonkwo was always in need of something that was filled with action but he still didn’t fashion â€Å"idleness†. With the combination of these two aspects, Okonkwo can not handle the outcome. Instead when violence is applied to this equation, Okonkwo is as good as can be. With this being said, this further supports the European stereotype as savage-like. When looking deeply into the details that â€Å"Things Fall Apart† display, one can notice the contrasting aspects between Umofia and Okonkwo. Okonkwo doesn’t have any respect for his wives. As an Igbo man, Okonkwo man-handles his wives and children without holding back. Noticing the tone at this point in the novel, one can see that it is very much common for Igbo men in general to beat the ripe bananas out of their wives and children, but at a certain time. Okonkwo man-handled his wife during Umofia’s Week of Peace. Beating your wives and children in order for them to have respect for you is one thing, but when one disobeys the traditional setting of the clans week of peace then drastic problems do arise. â€Å"Okonkwo was not the man to stop beating somebody half-way through, not even for fear of a goddess. It was unheard-of to beat somebody during the sacred week† (Achebe 19). Since Okonkwo felt as if he was the man on top of all and that he could do as it pleased him so, problems arose between himself and Umofia. The feminine force is his wife. And with that being noted, Okonkwo could not remove himself from his violent streak for even a week. Just a week†¦ but when comparing this to the perspective of â€Å"Heart of Darkness† this form and lack of self-control goes to the Europeans motive that Africans are savages. Towards the end of the novel, Okonkwo commits suicide by hanging himself. When the District Commissioner look at Okonkwo’s lifeless body, he states â€Å"In the book which he planned to write The story of this man who had killed a messenger and hanged himself would make interesting reading. He had already chosen the title of the book, after much thought: The Pacification of the Primitive Tribes of the Lower Niger† (Achebe 117). What can be inferred from the title of the book is that the District Commissioner is prejudiced about the native Africans. In â€Å"Heart of Darkness†, Africans are also described as â€Å"primitive†, which shows that the European’s stereotype is so vast that it is able to be used in two very separate and different works. All in all, in â€Å"Heart of Darkness† the Europeans notions was that all Africans are the same; they are primitive, savages, and inhuman. In contrast to that stereotype, â€Å"Things Fall Apart† showed a traditional society, where the members are not inhuman. Unsatisfactorily, Okonkwo who is the protagonist of â€Å"Things Fall Apart† was not an effective representation of a civilized individual of a traditional society. But, he was an exceptional member of the society. And even though the stereotype of Africans has not been destroyed, it empowers the European beliefs.

Outsourcing In The Hotel Industry Business Essay

Outsourcing In The Hotel Industry Business Essay Chapter 1 1.1 Introduction Outsourcing is the opportunity for the organization in hospitality industry and some others industry as well which can provide service and product for them and can enhance their profitability without producing things are internally. As an example Hotels can outsource their food and beverage, marketing process, HR process etc., from their outsource provider. By outsourcing firms can get more opportunity in the market to run their business in a better way.Becouse it can be really risk free and more productive in terms of the flexibility and availability. According to Fair and Shaw (1997) abstract, outsourcing can be defined as the process of acquiring an item that the company cannot produce internally. It engages delegating or replacementing an internal service or role with an external service which is provided by experts who are skilful in the condition of that service accordingly. In another way outsourcing is the way to operate a business with less management and operation risk and within a time frame. It can increase the profitability within the organization and can enhance the brand image in terms of better service and efficiency. Because when firms prefer the outsource rather than doing things by won they can get some more option and more trust and less risk which can make their service more effective and productive. 1.2 Problem Statement In the new global economy, outsourcing has becoming a central issue among expert in the hotel industry. Outsourcing is a method, which has been adapted by various companies to provide various services to customers and employees. Someone else, from an external resource, implements outsoaring. By using this method, it helps the company to reduce cost. Most companies use outsourcing/third party for better efficiency. Established company utilize this method to improve their service quality. Outsourcing provides specialised functions to help complete the task. In fact, many hotels are opting for the outsourcing business strategy to help the hotel business in keeping up with their rival hotel and the same time cut on their cost. In the research paper it discussed that the benefit of hotels outsourcing of HR and Marketing section. So, the problem statement is To what extant hotels are benefited by doing outsourcing -a study on Holiday Inn hotel. In the research work, the researcher must have very clear understanding of the topic or problem they are investigating. Without clear and sufficient theoretical knowledge it will become difficult to conduct any research work. For my research topic it is important to acquire theoretical knowledge about the functions of outsourcing in order to analyse the importance, impact and prospects of outsourcing. This research work could not be completed properly without collecting data and gathering information correctly and using them appropriately. A lot of text books, reference books, journals and reports were consulted to prepare this research work in line of the aim and objectives of the research work. The most important task was to get the primary data from the management team of Holiday Inn Hotel. 1.3 Research Question Its absolutely essential to develop a research question that I interested in or care about in order to focus my research and my paper .This study is set up to answer following research question To do outsourcing is a good idea for hotel business? Is Outsourcing more effective than doing things by own? How outsourcing can give some extra benefit for the organization? How outsourcing can reduce the cost and risk for the organization? What are the main reasons for outsourcing HR and Marketing process? How outsourcing has positively contributed to the financial position of the hotel? How correctly executed outsourcing can enhance the hotels competitiveness? 1.4 Significance/scope of the research This research can help individuals, especially decision-makers and planners, as well as firms identify the various components of outsourcing that can bring many potential benefits, such as cost reduction, performance improvement, flexibility, specialisation, and access to innovation on the business of hotels by utilising it. It is a fact that most companies are at under great pressure to take up outsourcing as a major competition. The Hotel Industry is one of the thriving businesses in the world. In fact, in this globalised world many hotels are opting for the outsourcing business strategy to help the hotel business in keeping up with their rival hotels and at the same time cut on their cost. For this case study I want to try to find out to what degree the hotels can benefit from outsourcing their HR process and Marketing process from the study of Holiday Inn hotel in Brentwood, UK. There are two types of outsourcing which is implemented in the hotel industry. This includes selective outsourcing and complete outsourcing. Selective outsourcing pertains to certain functions which are chosen for outsourcing, which can be the database of customers or accounts records of the hotel and etc. On the other hand, complete outsourcing refers to the whole function which is outsourced. Though hotels are recognising the importance of outsourcing, this does not mean that this business strategy is applicable to all. Outsourcing can be viewed as the process whereby activities traditionally carried out internally is contracted out to external providers. Outsourcing has become a significant facet of modern hotel management. As the market for outsourcing grows, it will have a dramatic impact on how businesses are structured, managed and viewed by owners, employees, and customers. In spite of fairly extensive coverage given to hotel outsourcing management issues, there has been limited academic research in this area. Besides, no specific accounting focused studies concerned with hotel outsourcing have been found in the literature. 1.5 Research Objectives The purpose of this research work is to examine and assess the effectiveness of outsourcing of the hotel. The main objective of this research is to examine and discuss the influence the outsourcing of the hotel and its impact on cost and benefits. This research work also aims to provide an insight of how important the outsourcing is to increase the productivity of the hotel. Outsourcing carries significant implications for a hotels cost structure and control procedures. In light of this, it is important that hotel accountants are appropriately equipped to play an active role in outsourcing decision-making and control. The objective of this research is to provide a management accounting perspective on issues surrounding hotel outsourcing management. This work outlines the many costs and benefits that should be considered when deciding whether to outsource. The objectives are as follows: To criticallydiscuss the effect and influence the outsourcing of the hotel on business performance. To study about how does outsourcing is managed by the hotel. To discuss and identify critically how it helps cut costs while managing outsourcing. To discuss about how it help compete with other hotels in order to cut costs and earn profits for the hotel. 1.6 Ethical Issues In preparing my research project it is important that I need to consider with the ethical issues that will arise when I was collecting data and trying to make communication with people. I also believe seriously the human rights and wrong of what I may be undertaking and the moral values and principles that guide my actions. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ I have done my communication section very clearly and sincerely for the understanding of the nature and reasons for my research, whom it may benefit and how, and what costs or risks are involved for informants. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ I respect peoples even they are not cooperate with me, or pull out from the project. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ I also tried to avoid, or at least acquire some ladder to reduce, pointless Destruction, hazard or false to the collection of people I was learning and working with them as well as sourcing embarrassment to them. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ I tried to protect the individuality of respondents where essential and treat them with respect. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ For the privacy I did not allowed any third parties access to sensitive information I may have obtain. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Regarding the confidentiality it was totally in memory contracts with the person, the group of people, or an organisation, about what may be done with their data. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Regarding the anonymity I can give the certainty that there was a require of identifiers vis-à  -vis information that basically indicate which individuals or organisations provided which data. Consideration of the above issues clearly I can take it very critically when I need to handle the responsive information. 1.7 Hypotheses Successful implementation of outsourcing can result in enhanced brand recognition and profitable for the hotels. Outsourcing can reduce cost and risk and can give some better feedback for the organization. Outsourcing can enhance hotels competitiveness Outsourcing can be a positive contribution for the financial position of the hotel Chapter 2 2.0 Literature review 2.1 Introduction of Literature review 2.2 Outsourcing Contract with two organization one is outsource supplier and another one is outsource holder . most of the big companies currently prefer the outsource process for their different type of service, such as call canter services, food and beverage outlet-mail services, recruitment process ,Marketing and HR process. Those processing can be handle by the supplier and outsource holders can trust them fully because outsourcing providers basically more careful and aware regarding their responsibilities. Knowles and also Davis .Lockwood, Pantelidis and Alcott (2008) define contract catering and food services management as operations that provide meals in outlets that do not have the provision to produce them. Moreover Coates (1971 cited by Wilson, Murray, Black and McDowell 1998:74) define a contract caterer as: An individual or company, who in recognition of financial reward, will undertake to administer, control and direct a specified catering operation within the guidelines stipulated by the [client] company. 2.3 Reasons of outsourcing Although the main objective of outsourcing is often cost reduction, many companies fail to realize any cost benefits. In particular, Gartner is predicting that by 2007, 80% of organizations that outsource customer service projects with the primary goal of cutting costs, will fail in that attempt. Part of the reasoning behind this statistic is the high staff attrition rates at outsourcing companies, sometimes as high as 80% to 100%. Combine this added cost from attrition along with the hidden costs of client loss due to increased frustration and its clear that an outsourcing engagement, if not careful monitored, can easily fail. Among the lots of reason of outsourcing some key reasons are flexibility, cost reducing, availability, good quality etc. All those factors are influencing the organizations of hospitality industry to go for outsourcing. It can reduce the risk management for the particular organization as well. Another important reason for outsourcing is the time convenience in terms of quick service. Outsourcing is an important phenomenon in hotel sector. It is changing from a tactical to a strategic perspective, with greater scope and relevance to the creation of competitive advantages. The opening up of hotels to outsourcing and strategic alliances improves individual competitiveness, but also has strong repercussions on destinations, especially those in a stage of maturity and requiring new approaches to improve competitiveness. This change in inter organizational relationships to a strategic perspective requires new theoretical and practical frameworks to make it easier for hotels to outsource their operations with greater potential for competitive advantage. 2.4 Outsourcing and organizational performance Outsourcing is attractive to senior management because it improves some of the Dimensions of organizational performance (Lilly et al., 2005). According to the survey, conducted by Accenture and the Economist Intelligence Unit, two-thirds of the respondents all of whom had been outsourcing a major business process for at least two years agreed that outsourcers who know how to manage the process can enhance their companys performance and achieve a high level of satisfaction with the results (Lacey and Blumberg, 2005).Gilley and Rasheed (2000) proposed that organizational performance in hotels improves for three reasons. First, an increased focus on a firms core competencies is an important benefit associated with outsourcing (Dess et al., 1995; Gilley and Rasheed, 2000; Kotabe and Murray, 1990; Venkatraman, 1997). The evolving literature on core competencies has been concerned with the make-or-buy decision that every firm faces. Should a hotel run its own restaurant, clean its own rooms and common areas, and trim its own trees, or should it outsource these tasks to vendors that specialise in catering, janitorial services and grounds keeping (Espino-RodrÄ ±Ã‚ ´guez and Padro ´n-Robaina, 2005; Taylor, 2005; Walker and Weber, 1987)? Ronald Coase (1937) first tackled this question 70 years ago in a classic article. His broad argument was similar to Adam Smiths: if an outside party can do the work more efficiently and inexpensively than can the firm itself, then the outside party ought to do it: if the firms employees can do the job better, then the work ought to remain in-house (Bahli, 2002; Espino-RodrÄ ±Ã‚ ´guez and Padro ´n-Robaina, 2005; Taylor, 2005). 2.5 Conclusion of literature review There are a number of studies that focus on explaining the effect of outsourcing. Abraham and Taylor (1996) find that firms contract out services with the objectives of smoothing production cycles and benefiting from specialisation. Raa and Wolff (2001) find a positive association between the rate of outsourcing and productivity growth (Jiang and Qureshi, 2006). Elmuti (2003) also provided support for empirical evidence for an outsourcing-productivity relationship. He found that outsourcing accounted for about 40 per cent of the variance in productivity. Many outsourcing studies in hospitality industry debate the advantages and disadvantages contractor catering and food service management operations. This research critically discuses to what extent hotels can benefit from outsourcing their food and beverage operation. A hotel may benefit from outsourcing their Food and beverage facility because managers can focus on their core competency. Also, it brings to the hotels external suppliers investment and with it innovation at minimum financial risk. For this reasons hotels are likely to gain better competitive advantage. Chapter 3 3.0 Methodology 3.1 The nature of study In light of the substantial international literature describing hotel outsourcing, it appears that outsourcing in hotels is relatively limited. Like there are some key sections for outsourcing for the hotel Industry those are HR process, marketing and pay roll. 3.2 Source of Data and Data Collection Procedure The research has been conducted with primary data. For the primary data collection process I used the qualitative date collection process which is interview base. For my study I chose structure interview and prepared a list of question. Based on my question I have done my interview through asking question step by step which helped me to get result very clearly. 3.3 Population and Sample Size of this Study Holiday Inn is the UKs largest and fastest-growing hotel brand with over 580 budget hotels and more than 40,000 rooms across the UK and Ireland And from all of them my research area is Holiday Inn Brentwood, UK, were considered as the population for this study. From the management team 8 to 10 were selected as the respondents for collecting the data for my research. The responses of the respondents interviewed were analysed to gain insights into qualitative aspects of the outsourcing activities used by their firms. Qualitative analysis of the collected data from the respondents firms has been made. 3.4 Interview Question The research data were collected using Interview Question. At first a request letter were e-mailed to all the operation management team of the Holiday Inn Hotel , a population of more than 8 team members in total. In all, 3 responses were received, representing a response rate of over 40%. And finally got the appointment for the interview with the Operation Manager of Holiday Inn Hotel and two of the members from their management team. Non-response bias may also possibly have affected the results. Respondents were asked to answer their question step by step .interview question was divided into three sections, each of which is detailed below. A copy of the questionnaire is included as Appendix 2. Interview with Operation Manager It was a face to face interview and the time period was one hour. There was a sample question which contains 3 sections. All regarding outsourcing of Holiday Inn hotel. First section was regarding outsourcing functions and benefits; second section was regarding the suppliers and quality of outsourcing and the third section was the opinion part of the respondent. Interview with the management team members It was also a face to face group interview with two management team members. It was more than 30 munities discussion and was a very effective session for my research. Location The interviews were in Holiday Inn Brentwood M25, Jct.28, and Brook Street, Brentwood, CM14 5NF United Kingdom. Other details The research was conducted between 5th December and 6th December 2010.Respondant was Ujjal Chwdhury the operation Manager, Ashfaq Khan and Azaz Bhimani the management team members.The researcher is Farhana Sorker. 4.0 Finding and Analysis 4.1 Background of the organization The first Holiday Inn opened in  Memphis,Tennessee  in  1952. The chain was established to provide inexpensive accommodations for families and travelers within the US. It was acquired by the Intercontinental Hotels Group  (IGH) in  1990. In October  2007, IHG announced a worldwide relaunch of the Holiday Inn brand including a redesigned welcome experience along with signature bedding and bathroom products. Included within the Holiday Inn brand is  Holiday Inn Express, a mid-priced chain of express hotels which focuses on value and convenience for business travelers who dont require more than the most standard amenities. 4.1.1 Brand Image of Holiday Inn Hotel One of the worlds most recognised hotel brands with a global reputation for service, comfort and value. Holiday Inn offer todays business and leisure travellers dependability, friendly service and modern attractive facilities at an excellent value and at convenient locations throughout the world. Since 1952 Holiday Inn Hotels have provided the services business travellers need, while also offering leisure travelers a comfortable, casual atmosphere where they can relax. And now, a global relaunch of the Holiday Inn brand family is in its final stages and is expected to be complete by the end of 2010. The relaunch will improve quality and service levels, and drive consistency, creating a new, more contemporary brand image at all Holiday Inn hotels around the world. 4.2 Summary of findings 4.2.1 Outsourcing Function in Holiday Inn Hotel Holiday Inn Hotel working with Hcareers to outsource their recruitment process which is basically working for their workforce. Hcareers have a very good image in the market as a outsource provider.And they are providing the accurate one in the accurate place for theorganization.Currently Hcareers operating their business among three countries, those are US which is Hcareers.com , Canada which is Hcareer.ca and Hcareers.co.uk in United Kingdom. And all are working for the hospitality related organization. Who are looking for the job in the hospitality sector they can go and open the page and can apply over their. Hcareers trying to provide more flexible system for the job seeker. According to the operation manager of Holiday Inn Hotel it is clear that they are really happy with Hcareers service and they are getting the right person in the right place for their organization. Also they are working with caters.com for their outsourcing And for their marketing process they are using HS company and getting all the services for their promotion process. 4.2.2 Benefits of Outsourcing Outsourcing is the exercise of getting service from outside firms to maintain work usually performed within an organization which can be a familiar concept. Holiday Inn currently outsources their recruitment processing and marketing as well. Most of organization do not concern about the benefits of outsourcing. Outsourcing can reduce cost and save money, which can be a big reason to go for outsourcing but there are some more reason as well .outsourcing can reduce the management risk for the organization and can give a financial support as well. Flexibility and availability of service or product is an good example as well. And Holiday Inn is one of the companies getting the following benefits from the outsourcing. Control capital costs:  reducing cost for the organization is not only the good point to outsourcing but also it is a really major factor. Outsourcing exchange fixed expenditure into changeable expenditure, which can make complimentary assets for savings somewhere else in their industry, and allows them to stay away from huge expenditures in the early phases of their business. Outsourcing also makes their organization more attractive for the investors, since they are able to drive extra assets in a straight line into revenue-producing performance. Increase efficiency:  Doing everything by own the companies need to follow some more investigate, expansion, promotion, and delivery charge. Thats why Holiday Inn decides to do the outsourcing process. By outsourcing they are getting more efficiency in their business. Reduce labour costs.  Maintaining the HR department by own can be very costly for an organization, and its also heard to get feedback on right time by the temporary employees. So that Hiloday Inn working with Hcarear and caters.com and this Outsourcing by which they can focus their human resources where they require them mainly. Start new projects quickly.  Holiday Inn getting the best service and facilities from their outsourcing firms. Because of the flexibility, efficiency and availability they can start a new project within a very short time and can get the services from their outsource providers as their requirement. Focus on your core business.  All organization has restricted capital, and all managers has inadequate time and concentration which is not different for Holiday Inn. Outsourcing helping them for their business to move its focal point from tangential performance toward work that hand out the customers outsourcing helpful for managers to place their precedences extra evidently. Reduce risk.  All business has some risk and they have to face it when they operate their business. Every thing can change very quickly in this world .Outsourcing providers take for granted and handle this risk for the Holiday Inn Hotel, which normally a large amount better for come to a decision how to avoid risk in their section of proficiency. 4.2.3 Suppliers Hcareer and caters.com and HS company are the outsource suppliers for Holiday Inn Hotel.Hcareer and Caters.com is for their recruitment process and HS Company is for Marketing strategy. 4.2.4 Quality maintain by outsourcing The Product Specification Quality Requirements (PSQRà ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¢),The ultimate goal of The PSQR is to act as a central point to assemble, share and verify critical information related to the product. The Product Specification (PS) details the products bill of materials, packaging and other physical components and their assembly or relationship together. The Quality Requirements (QR) details what is expected from the product in terms of appearance, workmanship, performance, testing and packaging. Together they form the complete PSQR, which becomes a controlled document, and becomes the marching orders for the Quality Team at the outsourced manufacturers facility to see that the product produced and shipped is equivalent to everything outlined and detailed in the PSQR. Typically, the development of the PSQR is a cumulative and additive process with a focus on continuous improvements over a reasonable amount of time. Team involvement is essential to make the PSQR comprehensive and relevant for all users. Seldom is it perfect from the start. It is only after considerable c ontributions and sharing / debating by various personalities and disciplines within the system that a PSQR can be at its peak of usefulness and relevance. All participants in the PSQR development process must pay very close attention to details to ensure success. The following template has been developed and refined over a number of years in practice of managing the quality of products at outsourced suppliers facilities. Designed to be prepared in close collaboration with the outsourced supplier it presents a standard format for compiling the Product Specifications and Quality Requirements and may easily be adapted to meet special requirements as needed. In this way Holiday Inn getting the more quality service from their supplier and controlling the quality of their company. 5.0 Recommendation The key things for outsourcing that have to have a good negotiation power when an organization decide to do any outsource, need to have a right people in contract respect to details to be actually tern on the negotiation basis and the contract need to be actually followed up so ether way in terms of breach of contact than both party should know in respect of what is can do things and what cant do things in respect to the both of the organization (Outsourcing provider and outsourcing holder) to help. And the same time the cost element effect organization can subsidise quite a lot because the delivery will be on time. So based on that its better for organization to move forward and to get a better product and resource its better to go for outsourcing. 6.0 Conclusion At the end of this research it clearly understandable that hotels are really benefited by doing outsourcing in terms of management risk and cost quality control process. It can enhance the hotels competitiveness and can reduce the operational risk which indicate that outsourcing has positively contributed to the financial position of the hotel. By outsourcing when an organization can get more benefit rather than doing things by own, so it can be happen that most organizations are really dependent on outsourcing. From the hospitality industry hotels are like Holiday Inn hotel getting a big amount benefit which is helping them to operate their business very frequently with a good quality and assured them to keep the business for long time. By this kind of facility organization can achieve their goal on time.

The Cold War: A New History

The Cold War: A New History By 1945, World War II came to an end, but there was no victorious celebration or a promising future of hope for peace. The members of the Grand Alliance had already toasted their success in winning the war. However, the United States and the Soviet Union became wary of each other as they had very different goals regarding how to deal with Germany and eastern Europe. The competing visions of the two countries had led the world to fall under the shadow of the Cold War. In his one-volume-book The Cold War: A New History, John Lewis Gaddis examines the dynamics of the political conflicts that dominated the world from the end of World War II to the late 1980s. John Lewis Gaddis is currently the Robert A. Lowett professor of history at Yale University. He is a distinguished historian who had written six other books on the subject of the cold war. In 2005, he was also rewarded a National Humanities Medal by the National Endowment for the humanities (Gaddis, back of front cover). Unlike his previous six books, Gaddis was convinced by his students and agent to write a short, comprehensive, and accessible (Gaddis, pg x). He had intended to write his book for a new generation of readers for whom the Cold War was never current events' (Gaddis, pg x). From many research from the works other Cold War historians and as well as his own analysis, Gaddis created a masterpiece of work that leads his reader through the history of a fearful era and behind-the-scene strategies and thoughts on both sides of the war. His objectives were to reveal the underlying dynamics of the political struggles of the confrontation between the United States and the Soviet Union that shaped, and threatened to end, our lives (Gaddis, back of front cover) while intertwining with his own judgments of the historical events. The superpowers, the United States and the Soviet Union, may have collaborated together to end the World War II; however, their visions of shaping the postwar settlement of Germany and eastern Europe could not have been more different. As Gaddis had stated in his book, The tragedy was this: that victory would require the victors either to cease to be who they were, or to give up much of what they had hoped, by fighting the war, to attain (Gaddis, pg 6). Stalin of the Soviet Union desired security for himself, his regime, his country, and his ideology, in precisely that order (Gaddis, pg 6). He solely believed that his country deserved a lot of territories because of the wartime expenditures that caused the countrys land to be ravaged and the notorious, bloody casualties of an approximate of 27 million civilians that died as a result of World War II (Gaddis, pg 9). He also had a zealous dream which was influenced by the Marxist-Leninist ideology that communists would soon dominate Eur ope through patience because capitalists cannot comply with one another for long. On the other hand, unlike Stalin, the Americans had a less determined goal of grasping security and global influence of their democratic ideas. Most part of Americas history was isolated from the rest of the world until its involvement in World War I. Americans did not have to worry much about security since they were apart from the other continents up until their involvement in the world wars. Within time, the distrust between the United States and the Soviet Union intensified by major issues such as the Truman Doctrine, Marshall Plan, and especially the fear of the atomic bomb. President Truman announced to provide military and economic aid to Greece and Turkey along with a speech that publicized the aid program in supporting the free people to make their own destinies (which became known as the Truman Doctrine). As the Americans searched for an explanation of the Soviet behavior, George F. Kennan, a Foreign Service officer who served in the American embassy, found the problem that the Soviet Unions internally driven hostility toward the outside world (Gaddis, pg 31). After the Truman Doctrine, the Marshall Plan was devised as a solution to Kennans identification of problem, which was committing the United States to provide economic aid for the reconstruction of Europe. The Marshall Plan was intended to produce psychological benefits that would prevent Europeans to not tu rn towards communism as a solution for their hunger and poverty. According to Gaddis, the Marshall Plan was a trap to get Stalin to build the wall that would divide Europe, which was the blockade of Berlin (Gaddis, pg 32). The fear of the atomic bomb was probably most intensifying cause of the distrust between the two superpowers. The atomic bomb was developed by the Americans and British (without telling the Soviet), called the Manhattan Project, to use against Germany. When the bomb was used on Japan, Stalin reacted strongly, War is barbaric, but using the A-bomb is a superbarbarity (qtd. by Gaddis, pg 25). Not soon after, Soviet scientists devised atomic bombs in August 1949 to Stalins relief. Silently, Stalin and Truman both knew well enough how the atomic weapons can hardly be used without destroying the world. Gaddis analyzed how the two sides did not go into war, especially with the nuclear weapons involved because those weapons could very well end the world. The Cold War spends a good amount of time in examining the emergence of autonomy during the Cold War. However, Gaddis was not focusing on the decolonization of the various countries. Instead, the author dove into what was beneath the surface by showing how the non-alignment of independent countries had an advantage by not committing to either side of the Cold War. As Gaddis writes, if one superpower became too great, a smaller power could defend itself by threatening to align with the other superpower (pg. 124). Other countries such as North and South Korea, North and South Korea, and East and West German kept the two superpowers on their hooks. The weaknesses of those countries became their strength because if their countries collapsed, the countries may turn to communism (which is what the United States does not want) or capitalism (which is what the Soviet Union does not want). The best way to put to is in Gaddis words, a compelling form of Cold War blackmail: if you push me too h ard, my government will fall, and youll be sorry (pg. 130). In this short, comprehensive, and accessible book, Gaddis did an impressive job to discuss and condense down his judgments and the history of the entire era of the Cold War in a fewer than 300-pages of text. Gaddis divided his book into nine different chapters, in which each chapter covers a different topic that were occurring on both sides of the Cold War. Although each chapter covers a different topic, Gaddis subdivided each chapter into smaller sections, yet still able to compel the events or topics in a sequenced manner which allows the reader to follow along without confusion. In each topic, Gaddis does not only provide the hard facts that happen but examines and provides insightful analysis of how the events or ideologies influenced the leaders of the superpowers. This made it difficult to summarize and capture everything of what the author has to offer to the reader about an era that is commonly written about. In the center of the book, Gaddis provided sixteen pages of black-and-white photos that are organized in chronological order of the important people that made up the history of the Cold War as well as events. In addition, there were maps of Europe that added as a visual aid for the reader as the author explains territorial changes, bases, and alliances of the two superpowers. The author was very straightforward with what he had to say, which makes it easy to read and understand, and revealing to his audiences of what the superpower leaders were truly thinking of and their strategies in reaching their ambitions. However, there are flaws or bad choices of events that the author decided to take time to talk about. For instance, Gaddis spent two to three pages on the Watergate crisis, which led to the resignation of President Richard Nixon. As a reader, one may find how such an event is irrelevant to the Cold War. Overall, it was impressive of how the author organized the numerous events of the Cold War into a one-volume book. The writing style of Gaddis is very absorbing, which makes the book to be enjoyable to read. He chose great quotes from leaders and other people during that time that backs the judgments he makes. Also, he included little anecdotes that supplement his grand narrative of analysis of the various events of the Cold War. For example, every person who has some background knowledge of the Cold War knows that the atomic bombs were not used since the bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. However, he started out on the second chapter telling the reader how General MacArthur commanded five atomic bombs to be dropped on the Chinese advancing down the Korean peninsula and two Soviet bombers took off from Vladivostok (Gaddis, pg. 48-49). I was momentarily fooled by this little fiction Gaddis created. The purpose of the story was to show how close the world was to have a nuclear-violent war that could virtually destroy the entire planet. I would definitely recommend this book to anyone who anyone who is interested in the Cold War because the book is not just a history book that provides hard facts about events, but also deep analysis of how the events influenced leaders during that era and the future of today. The book is not difficult to read but it would be better if the reader already had some background knowledge of the World War II and the Cold War. The book is worthy for a reader to take their time and absorb the analytical thoughts, examples, and anecdotes that the author conveys. Gaddis examines the different aspects of the events switching and back and forth between the perspectives of the two superpowers. While doing so, he guides the reader through the history of the Cold War without missing any of the commonly-known landmarks of the era providing a well-written narrative of the authors own interpretation and the history itself.

Arabian Nights :: essays research papers

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Arden production of The Arabian Nights should have included a story or two about a Demon like those included in the novel by Husain Haddawy. By including these types of stories they could incorporate magic and demons into the play. There are many interesting ways that they adapter could portray magic and the appearance of demons. The Story of the Merchant and the Demon from the novel tells of this wealthy merchant who travels from town to town selling goods. On one trip he rode for many days and then stopped to rest under a walnut tree. He got something to eat out of his bag and began to throw the pits of the dates left and right. Then this old demon arrived and pulled out his sword to kill the merchant. Asking the demon why he wanted to kill him, the demon replied that the merchant had killed his son when he threw the date pit and it hit him in the head. The merchant began to weep and mourn his family and his wife and children. (Haddawy p.18) He then began to recite verses and after he was finished and stopped crying, the demon said again that he must kill the merchant as the merchant had killed his son. The merchant then begged the demon for time to say his good byes to his family and his wife and his kids. The demon agreed to give the man one year to return only after the merchant swore as God as a witness . When the merchant returned home and told of his troubles to his wife and children they all mourned. He than wrote his will, divided his property, discharged his obligations to people, left bequests and gifts, distributed alms, and engaged reciters to read portions of the Quran in his house. Then he summoned legal witnesses and in their presence freed his slaves and slave-girls, divided among his elder children their shares of the property, appointed guardians for his little ones, and gave his wife her share according to her marriage contract. (Haddawy p. 19) As the year came to an end, the merchant tearfully said his good byes and traveled to the orchard exactly one year later. As he was waiting under the tree for the demon, an old man walked by with a deer and asked why he was sitting in the orchard which is filled with demons and devils.

The Omnivore’s Dilemma: A Natural History of Four Meals by Michael Poll

The Omnivore’s Dilemma: A Natural History of Four Meals by Michael Pollan, was a great read. I came into the adventure without much background regarding what kind of book it was going to be, and to my astonishment it was more of an educational journey than pages of force-fed beliefs. Michael Pollan has a writing style that is both loose and intriguing and really kept my attention throughout. Having already read extensively concerning human nutrition and food, I am usually skeptical when beginning such reads as this one, but I was very surprised that Mr. Pollan was very objective, in that this was seemingly a field trip and journey from environment to plate. I will begin this report with a summary of this great book and delve deeper into the thoughts that the literary family has of it. I will then go on to explain its importance in the development of environmental policy and impact, and end with my thoughts regarding the material and the interaction among social and environmental values and impacts presented by the author Michael Pollan. Summary The book begins with the question of â€Å"What should we have for dinner?† and stands to answer that question the rest of the way. Speaking directly of Americans, Pollan explains in-depth how the Nation tends to jump from fad to fad, first being afraid of carbohydrates, and then switching to fats, and so on. He goes on to explain where this thought process might have come from with the history of the Carter administration in 1977, as dietary goals were issued and the red meat lovers of America were warned to cut back. From that time on it has been an ever-changing lipo-, carbo-, phobia, with a cycle of weight loss and gain. With this question at hand, Michael Pollan begins to dive de... ...ormative history as he travels from the cornfields of Iowa, to the feedlot, to the forest floor in search of chanterelles, and then coming full circle to the dinner table. The information given is not always pleasant, but it is necessary for an informed eater in America to be aware of. The effects of knowing can cause us to be more responsible in what we are purchasing at the grocery store (and essentially voting for). He shows that making the correct decision to the question â€Å"What should we have for dinner?† can also be the choice that tastes the best and is the best for you. Works Cited Kamp, D. (2006). â€Å"Deconstructing Dinner.† New York Times: Sunday Book Review. 26 April 2006.http://www.nytimes.com/2006/04/23/books/review/23kamp.html?pagewanted=all&_r=0 Pollan, M. The Omnivore’s Dilemma: A Natural History of Four Meals. New York. Random. 2006. Print

Ken Kesey Research Paper

When writing a story, an author uses themes and elements which are related to his life. Many of Kenneth Elton Kesey’s novels including One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest sustain messages which can be interpreted by discovering his life events. Ken Elton Kesey was born 1935 in La Junta, Colorado and lived with his parents Frederick Kesey and Geneva Smith. Ken moved to Springfield, Oregon where he spent his early years hunting, fishing, and swimming. In his teenage years, Ken spent his time wrestling in both high school and college. In 1956, while attending college at the University of Oregon Kesey fell in love with his high-school sweetheart, Norma Faye Haxby, whom he had met in seventh grade. Ken and Norma then had three children: Jed, Zane, and Shannon. Later, Kesey had another child named Sunshine with a woman named Carolyn Adams. Kesey attended the University of Oregon's School of Journalism, where he received a degree in speech and communication in 1957. He was awarded a Woodrow Wilson National Fellowship in 1958 to enroll in the creative writing program at Stanford University, which he did the following year. While at Stanford, he studied under Wallace Stegner and begun his project which would later be known as One flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest. In 1959, Kesey volunteered to take part in a CIA-financed study. The project studied the effects of psychoactive drugs such as LSD, psilocybin, mescaline, cocaine, AMT, and DMT, on people. This most likely influenced Kesey to write about a psychiatric environment in his story One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest. Also inspiring to Kesey’s works were his night shifts at the Menlo Park Veteran’s Hospital. There, Kesey often spent time talking to patients which were under the control of hallucinogenic drugs. Kesey believed that â€Å"the patients were not insane rather that society had pushed them out because they did not fit conventional ideas of how people were supposed to act and behave. † (Cliffsnotes Art. 2) Kesey proves how just because someone may seem different than the rest of the crowd, society dumps them into a ward. Furthermore, Kesey introduces a normal person (Mcmurphy) into the ward, so he can challenge the authority of the nurses and can inspire the patients to believe they are just like any other human beings and their abilities to live a normal life should not be restrained by a nurse. In 1963, when the novel was published, it became an immediate success. Kesey was not only an author, but a playwright director. Many of his ideas were Shakespearean as well as real life themes which were inputted into his novels. Some reoccurring themes in Kesey’s novels include the fight for sexual freedom, and rebellion through the introduction of a leader. â€Å"Harding shuts off the buffer, and leaves it in the hall and goes and pulls him a chair up alongside Mcmurphy and sits down and lights a cigarette too. ‘Mr. Harding! You return to your scheduled duties! ’ Then Cheswick goes and gets him a chair, and then Billy Bibbit goes, and then Scanlon and then Fredrickson and Sefelt, and then we all put down our mops and brooms and scouring tags and we all go and pull chairs up. You men-Stop this. Stop! ’† (Cuckoo’s Nest 144) One of the many examples of rebellion through a leader is seen through this passage. This is Kesey’s way of freeing the patients under the conformity of the hospital when Kesey took part in the financed study. Many of Kesey’s famous novels and playwrights include: One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest, Sometimes a Great Notion, Demon Box, Caverns, The Further Inquiry, Sailor Song, Last Go Round, and Twister. Some of Kesey’s most popular genres also include mystery and realistic fiction. In 1965 Kesey was arrested for possession of marijuana. Interestingly, he moved to Mexico and faked a suicide. When he returned back to the states, he served a five-month sentence in the San Mateo County Jail. After he got out, he bought a farm house in Pleasant Hill, Oregon and settled down with his wife to raise his children. He was going through major complications later in his life at this time as he had surgery on his liver to remove a tumor. He never recovered from the operation and died of difficulties on November 10, 2001, aged 66.

Developing yourself as a team leader Essay

1.1 Role of the Team Leader (12) The role of the Deep Reservoir Management team leader is to lead a multi-disciplined subsurface team responsible for reservoir management, identification and development of new reserves, production rate obtainment, and development of enhanced oil recovery process. The Deep RMT leader is responsible for the Kharaib, Arab, Fadhilli oil reservoirs and Khuff gas reservoir. His role is to supervise a multi-discipline staff of reservoir engineers, production engineers, geoscientists, and petrophysicists ensuring their technical and professional development. He also coordinates development, reservoir management and well work with other reservoir management teams. As well as providing business unit leadership to insure that reservoir management team work is coordinated and integrated with other departments, including: drilling, production operation, supply chain, and facilities. 1.2 Responsibilities of the Team Leader (8) Following are the responsibilities of the reservoir management team leader: Reservoir Management Prioritizes and coordinates reservoir surveillance and key data acquisition with Production Engineering Prioritizes and coordinates reservoir surveillance and key data acquisition with Production Engineering Technical Supervision Reviews and provides technical/economic feedback on key geologic and reservoir studies and results. Ensures project timelines are met. Provides engineering support in scale up of geologic description data into comprehensive reservoir earth models to be used for both modeling and analytical efforts Financial Control Approves AFEs and unit transactions within area of responsibility in accordance with approval limits Participates in developing annual budgets and long term plan Leadership Aligns efforts of reservoir engineers, geologists, production engineers for  RMT Ensures performance management of direct reports and development of staff Determines resource needs to complete detailed evaluations and support of operations 1.3 Authority and Accountability Limits of the Team Leader (12) The reservoir management team leader in Tatweer Petroleum is mainly an advisory position with little authority. Deep RMT leader is accountable for controlling deep team operating and capital budget assigned by department manager beginning of each year. He is responsible for identifying team vacancies, and interviewing and recruiting team staff. He is also accountable for appraising team members and recommending raise for them. The following are the only authority limits for Deep RMT leader: Approving workover expenditure requests (WAR) up to $100,000 Approving new well project requests (PAR) up to $500,000 Approving team members expense reports up to $5,000 1.4 Example of Team Leader Referring to Senior Authority (8) A workover program to perform a production logging survey* on one of Deep RMT wells was prepared by the team production engineer and approved by the team leader. The cost for this operation was $150,000, which is above the team leader workover request approval limit. On the other hand, in 2013 Tatweer is following a cost control strategy to minimize operating expenditure budget which this operation is falling under. Therefore, the team leader has to refer this workover operation to the department manager and get his approval. * Production Logging Survey: a diagnostic operation at which reservoir intervals contributing to production is identified. A third party service provider is used to perform such operation. Section 2: Be able to seek feedback on their workplace performance to identify strengths, weaknesses and areas for improvement 2.1 Feedback on Own Performance from Different Sources (12) I have used different sources to get feedback on my own performance. First feedback was from ILM group 13 which consists of 8 members in addition to  me. Each of the 8 members and the ILM instructor has been asked to write down one of my strengths and one area of improvement. 8 out of 9 have given their feedback which is shown in Figure-1 and the rewritten version is shown in Table-1 below. 2.2 Feedback Interpretation and Areas of Improvement (20) ILM Group-13 Feedback: The members of the ILM Group-13 consent that I am technically strong, hard worker, confident, good communicator and listener, and have good delegation skill. On the other hand, the group has agreed on several areas of improvement. First one is a personal skill that I need to be decisive about my target and goal and the steps to get there. Second one is an organizational skill that I need to make sure objectives are clear and be focused to achieve it. Third one is and interpersonal skill that I have to accept other opinion. Leadership Skills Survey: Leadership skills survey showed that overall I am quite good in the 8 areas with average score of (4.4/5) in communication and social skills, (4.4/5) in goal setting, (4.4/5) in managing myself, (3.8/5) in motivating people, (4.1/5) in being creative in problem solving, (4.5/5) in inspiring trust and respect, (4/5) in being interested in and valuing team members, and finally (4.2/5) in developing the skills of my team. The survey did not show much to improve and therefore, I have conducted a self-assessment using the same survey and compared it with the survey result (Figure-2). Self-assessment survey is shown Appendix 3. The result of my self-assessment showed good agreement with the survey result in 3 areas; managing myself (4 versus 4.4), being creative in problem solving (4.3 versus 4.1) and inspiring trust and  respect (4.3 versus 4.5). However, my self-assessment showed I need to improve in developing the skills of my team (scored 2.7/5) and specifically coaching team members (scored 2/5). I also need to improve communication and social skills (scored 3/5) and specifically asking questions and listening to answers (scored 2/5). And finally I need to improve being interested in and valuing team members (scored 3.5/5) and specifically wanting to know about team members’ attitudes and values, feelings and emotions (scored 2/5). Figure-2: Leadership self-assessment versus survey 2.3 Action Plan (28) Based on the above feedback interpretation, the following are the area of improvements I need to work on and develop: Be decisive about what I want to and steps to get there Setting clear objectives and focusing on achieving it Coaching team members Asking question and listening to answers Accept other opinion Wanting to know about team members’ attitude and values, feelings and emotions To develop the above weaknesses I came up with an action plan and a target date and summarize it in the below table. Area to develop How will I achieve it When will I do it by Who will help me What is my measure Tick when done Be decisive about what I want to and steps to get there Read books and articles about how to be decisive and make better decision at work 1-Feb-14 Internet Specify my next development target in Tatweer as part of my succession planning Setting clear objectives and focusing on achieving it Attend ILM level 2 course 1-Feb-14 RMT Leader Beside team objectives, set my own SMART objectives for 2014 Put a timeline to achieve assigned objectives for 2014 Coaching team members Attend coaching training session Practice coaching 31-Dec-14 RMT Leader Be responsible for coaching at least 1 engineering trainee Asking question and listening to answers Read about how to improve asking questions and listening skills 31-Dec-13 Internet Positive feedback from work colleagues Accepting other opinion Practice listening to others 31-Dec-13 Internet Myself Positive feedback from work colleagues Wanting to know about team members’ attitude and values, feelings and emotions Practice by change my behavior and start talking to team members to explore their attitude and values, feelings and emotions 31-Dec-13 Myself Positive feedback from work colleagues Delegate Name Training Course Training Venue